BDGF bone-derived growth factor
Acronym Definition
BDGF bone-derived growth factor
BDGF Bohuslän-Dals Golfdistriktsförbund
BDGF Bulldog Financial
BDGF Bas de Gaay Fortman
The term growth factor refers to a naturally occurring protein capable of
stimulating cellular proliferation and cellular differentiation. Growth factors
are important for regulating a variety of cellular processes.
Growth factors typically act as signaling molecules between cells. Examples are
cytokines and hormones that bind to specific receptors on the surface of their
target cells.
They often promote cell differentiation and maturation, which varies between
growth factors. For example, bone morphogenic proteins stimulate bone cell
differentiation, while vascular endothelial growth factors stimulate blood
vessel differentiation.
Growth factors versus cytokines
Growth factor is sometimes used interchangeably among scientists with the term
cytokine. Historically, cytokines were associated with hematopoietic (blood
forming) cells and immune system cells (e.g., lymphocytes and tissue cells from
spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes). For the circulatory system and bone marrow in
which cells can occur in a liquid suspension and not bound up in solid tissue,
it makes sense for them to communicate by soluble, circulating protein
molecules. However, as different lines of research converged, it became clear
that some of the same signaling proteins the hematopoietic and immune systems
used were also being used by all sorts of other cells and tissues, during
development and in the mature organism.
While growth factor implies a positive effect on cell division, cytokine is a
neutral term with respect to whether a molecule affects proliferation. In this
sense, some cytokines can be growth factors, such as G-CSF and GM-CSF. However,
some cytokines have an inhibitory effect on cell growth or proliferation. Yet
others, such as Fas ligand are used as "death" signals; they cause target cells
to undergo programmed cell death or apoptosis.
Example of growth factors
Individual growth factor proteins tend to occur as members of larger families of
structurally and evolutionarily related proteins. There are dozens and dozens of
growth factor families such as TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta), BMP
(bone morphogenic protein), neurotrophins (NGF, BDNF, and NT3), fibroblast
growth factor (FGF), and so on.
Several well known growth factors are:
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)
Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)
Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF)
Nerve growth factor (NGF)
Neurotrophins
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)
Erythropoietin (EPO)
Thrombopoietin (TPO)
Myostatin (GDF-8)
Growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF9)
Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF or FGF2)
Epidermal growth factor (EGF)
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF]
Uses in medicine
For the last two decades, growth factors have been increasingly used in the
treatment of hematologic and oncologic diseases like:
neutropenia
myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)
leukemias
aplastic anaemia
bone marrow transplantation
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